C. Vassy, L'organisation des services d'urgences, entre le social et le sanitaire, Mouvements, vol.32, issue.2, pp.67-74, 2004.
DOI : 10.3917/mouv.032.0067

J. Stagnara, J. Vermont, A. Duquesne, D. Atayi, D. Chabanolle et al., Urgences p??diatriques et consultations non programm??es ??? enqu??te aupr??s de l???ensemble du syst??me de soins de l???agglom??ration lyonnaise, Archives de P??diatrie, vol.11, issue.2, pp.108-114, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.arcped.2003.11.006

J. Ellbrant, P. A. Jonas, and K. A. , Pediatric Emergency Department Management Benefits From Appropriate Early Redirection of Non-urgent Visits, Pediatric Emergency Care, pp.31-95, 2015.

V. Whitney, E. Macnei, N. Lindsey, H. J. White, A. M. Norton et al., Frequent Pediatric Emergency Department Use in Infancy and Early Childhood, Pediatric Emergency Care, pp.710-717, 2014.

. Pham, A. Dinh-nguyen, and . Klinkert, Surgical case scheduling as a generalized job shop scheduling problem, European Journal of Operational Research, vol.185, issue.3, pp.1011-1025, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ejor.2006.03.059

A. E. Bair, W. T. Song, Y. Chen, and B. A. Morris, The Impact of Inpatient Boarding on ED Efficiency: A Discrete-Event Simulation Study, Journal of Medical Systems, vol.46, issue.6, pp.919-929, 2010.
DOI : 10.1197/j.aem.2003.07.017

J. M. Pines and . Sanjay-iyer, The Effect of Emergency Department Crowding on Patient Satisfaction for Admitted Patients, Academic Emergency Medicine
DOI : 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2007.09.003

J. Collis, Adverse effects of overcrowding on patient experience and care, Emergency Nurse, vol.18, issue.8, pp.34-39, 2010.
DOI : 10.7748/en2010.12.18.8.34.c8152

D. J. Magid, B. R. Asplin, and R. L. Wears, The quality gap: Searching for the consequences of emergency department crowding, Annals of Emergency Medicine, vol.44, issue.6, pp.586-588, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.07.449

S. L. Bernstein, V. Verghese, W. Leung, A. T. Lunney, and I. Perez, Development and Validation of a New Index to Measure Emergency Department Crowding, Academic Emergency Medicine, vol.8, issue.9, 2003.
DOI : 10.1197/aemj.9.11.1131

T. Falvo, L. Grove, R. Stachura, and W. Zirkin, The Financial Impact of Ambulance Diversions and Patient Elopements, Academic Emergency Medicine, vol.96, issue.1, pp.58-62, 2007.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJM199603073341007

P. C. Sprivulis, D. Silva, J. A. Jacobs, I. G. Frazer, A. R. Jelinek et al., The association between hospital overcrowding and mortality among patients admitted via Western Australian emergency departments, Med. J. Aust, vol.184, pp.208-212, 2006.

A. J. Singer, T. Jr, H. C. Viccellio, P. Pines, and J. M. , The Association Between Length of Emergency Department Boarding and Mortality, Academic Emergency Medicine, vol.63, issue.12, pp.1324-1329, 2011.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2009.00456.x

B. Glaa, S. Hammadi, and C. Tahon, Modeling the emergency path handling And Emergency Department Simulation, 2006 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, pp.4585-4590, 2006.
DOI : 10.1109/ICSMC.2006.384869

A. T. Ernst, H. Jiang, M. Krishnamoorthy, and D. Sier, Staff scheduling and rostering: A review of applications, methods and models, European Journal of Operational Research, vol.153, issue.1, pp.3-27, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/S0377-2217(03)00095-X

. G. Winstanley, DISTRIBUTED AND DEVOLVED WORK ALLOCATION PLANNING, Applied Artificial Intelligence, vol.1, issue.2, pp.97-115, 2004.
DOI : 10.1007/BFb0056350

D. Conforti, F. Guerriero, and R. Guido, A multiobjective block scheduling model for the management of surgical operating rooms: New solution approaches via genetic algorithms, IEEE Workshop on Health Care Management (WHCM). Presented at the 2010 IEEE Workshop on Health Care Management (WHCM), pp.2010-2011, 2010.

A. Hanset, N. Meskens, and D. Duvivier, Using constraint programming to schedule an operating theatre, 2010 IEEE Workshop on Health Care Management (WHCM), pp.2010-2011, 2010.
DOI : 10.1109/WHCM.2010.5441245

B. Bachouch, R. Guinet, A. Hajri-gabouj, and S. , An optimization model for task assignment in home health care, 2010 IEEE Workshop on Health Care Management (WHCM), 2010.
DOI : 10.1109/WHCM.2010.5441277

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01468682

A. Daknou, H. Zgaya, S. Hammadi, and H. Hubert, Agent based optimization and management of healthcare processes at the emergency department, International Journal of Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, vol.3, issue.2, p.99, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00802432

L. Davis, Handbook of Genetic Algorithms, 1990.

. R. Sarker, H. A. Abbas, and C. Newton, Solving multiobjective optimization problems using evolutionary algorithm, Proceedings of CIMCA International Conference, 2001.

Z. Michalewicz, Genetic Algorithms + Data Structures = Evolution Programs, 1992.

D. B. Fogel, An introduction to simulated evolutionary optimization, IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, vol.5, issue.1, pp.3-14, 1994.
DOI : 10.1109/72.265956