Surface electrochemistry deals with the reactions and phenomena that take place at the electrode–electrolyte interface, which is a critical area in a broad range of applications, including electrochemical sensors, fuel cells, batteries, and corrosion protection. This thematic issue of Current Opinion in Electrochemistry collects selected short reviews by leading experts on key aspects and concepts of surface electrochemistry related to (i) electrocatalysis and its several applications such as fuel cells, (ii) corrosion and how to prevent the degradation of metals, (iii) electrodeposition and surface modification where the properties of the electrode surface are intentionally altered for achieving specific applications such as sensing particular (bio)analytes.